Studying the Effect of Mn2+ Doping on Structural and Photophysical Properties of Morpholinium Lead Bromide Perovskite

To mitigate lead toxicity and to enhance the emissive behavior in morpholinium lead bromide, Mn^{2 +}-doping is introduced, producing an enhanced orange emission. The photoluminescence quantum yield of the doped perovskite increases by nearly 40%. Additionally, the samples are embedded in a polymethyl methacrylate polymer matrix to study the water resistance property.

Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite is under intense focus on developing different optoelectronic devices because of its exceptional optical and electrical properties and ease of processing. However, the Pb²⁺ toxicity and the luminescence instability of these classes of semiconductors require continuous development of newer luminescent variants. Herein, Mn²⁺ is used as a dopant in luminescent morpholinium lead bromide perovskite, (C₄H₁₀NO)PbBr₃, to substitute Pb²⁺ with Mn²⁺ with varied doping percentage to develop two different analogs of Mn²⁺-doped (C₄H₁₀NO)PbBr₃ with varied optical properties. The incorporation of the dopant ion is investigated using various characterization techniques like inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, infrared, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. The photophysical properties are characterized by absorption and emission spectroscopies. With the increase in Mn²⁺-dopant amount, the emission maxima showed a blueshift with respect to the pristine sample and exhibited an enhanced (about 40%) photoluminescence quantum yield. Finally, the possibility of utilizing these semiconductors for practical applications is conducted by studying the structural and photophysical properties after embedding them into an optically transparent polymer, polymethyl methacrylate.

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