Increasing the Limits of Energy and Safety in Polynitro Tetrazoles by Incorporating Fluorine Atom

In this paper, 2-(dinitromethyl)-5-(fluorodinitromethyl)-2H-tetrazole and its corresponding energetic salts were designed, synthesized through optimized routes, and thoroughly characterized. These compounds demonstrate high densities, positive enthalpy of formation, and excellent detonation properties. Compared to its trinitromethyl analog, this fluorodinitromethyl tetrazole exhibits significantly enhanced stability, density, and performance.

Abstract

Fluorodinitromethyl is a crucial substituent for energetic materials (EMs), known for its superior thermal stability compared to other polynitro groups. In this study, we incorporated the fluorodinitromethyl group into a tetrazole backbone to achieve a balance between stability and energetic performance. The compound 2-(dinitromethyl)-5-(fluorodinitromethyl)-2H-tetrazole and its corresponding energetic salts were designed, synthesized through optimized routes, and thoroughly characterized. These compounds demonstrate high densities, positive enthalpy of formation, and excellent detonation properties. Compared to its trinitromethyl analog, this fluorodinitromethyl tetrazole exhibits significantly enhanced stability, density, and performance.

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