Tubular Polypyrrole with Chloride Ion Dopants as an Ultrafast Organic Anode for High‐Power Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Get some distance: Tubular polypyrrole (PPy) with chloride and methyl orange anionic dopants is synthesized and investigated as an anode for lithium-ion batteries The hollow PPy structure maintains cycling stability and the dopants generate improved ordered aggregation of pyrrolic chains, expanded distance between polymer layers, and increased conjugation length and electrical conduction, affording low Li⁺ transfer activity energy and rapid reaction kinetics.

Abstract

Polypyrrole (PPy), as a representative p-type conductive polymer, attracts wide attention for energy storage materials. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics and low specific capacity of PPy impede its application in high-power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, tubular PPy with chloride and methyl orange (MO) anionic dopants is synthesized and investigated as an anode for LIBs. The Cl⁻ and MO anionic dopants can increase the ordered aggregation and the conjugation length of pyrrolic chains, forming plentiful conductive domains and affecting the conduction channel inside the pyrrolic matrix, thereby achieving fast charge transfer and Li⁺ ion diffusion, low ion transfer energy barriers, and rapid reaction kinetics. On account of the above synergistic effect, PPy electrodes deliver a high specific capacity of 2067.8 mAh g⁻¹ at 200 mA g⁻¹ and a remarkable rate capacity of 1026 mAh g⁻¹at 10 A g⁻¹, realizing high energy density (724 Wh kg⁻¹) and power density (7237 W kg⁻¹) simultaneously.

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